نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در حفاظت محیط زیستی اراضی کشاورزی مناطق خشک (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان باوی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

10.29252/aridbiom.2024.20672.1958

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش، بررسی نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در حفاظت ‌محیط زیستی اراضی کشاورزی مناطق خشک است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل تمامی کشاورزان شهرستان باوی استان خوزستان بود. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان تعداد 390 نفر با روش نمونه‏‌گیری چندمرحله‌‏ای برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌‏آوری داده­‌ها پرسشنامه‌‌‏ای بود که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن براساس نظر اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان و پایایی آن از طریق آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. از طرفی، از شاخص میانگین واریانس استخراج شده (AVE) برای تعیین روایی سازه و شاخص پایایی ترکیبی (CR) برای تعیین پایایی مدل استفاده شد. نتایج اولویت‌‏بندی حفاظت ‌محیط زیستی اراضی کشاورزی مناطق خشک نشان داد که دو رفتار «استفاده از شخم حداقل به منظور کاهش فرسایش خاک» و «استفاده از کودهای آلی و دامی در مزرعه» به‌ترتیب از اولویت بالاتری در میان کشاورزان برخوردار بود. علاوه بر این، نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی (هنجارهای اجتماعی،‌ آگاهی اجتماعی، شبکه‏‌های اجتماعی، مشارکت اجتماعی و اعتماد اجتماعی) اثر قابل توجهی بر حفاظت محیط زیستی‌ اراضی کشاورزی مناطق خشک دارند که سرانجام، توانستند 73 درصد از واریانس متغیرها وابسته تحقیق یعنی حفاظت ‌محیط زیستی این اراضی را تبیین نمایند. یافته‌‏های این پژوهش ضمن افزودن دانش جدید به ادبیات موضوع‌های محیط زیستی‌ در مناطق خشک، می‏‌تواند در برنامه‌‏ریزی و سیاست‏گذاری برای کاهش مشکلات محیط زیستی ناشی از بخش کشاورزی مفید واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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