[1]. Aldahir, C.F. (2015). Utilization of Bermudagrass ‘TifGrand’ for Sports Turf: Wear Tolerance, Shade Response, and Quality Improvement. MSc. Thesis. Auburn University. USA. 159 p.
[2]. Bunnell, B.T., McCarty, L.B., & Bridges Jr, W.C. (2005). Evaluation of three Bermuda grass cultivars and Meyer Japanese zoysia grass grown in shade. International Turfgrass Society Journal, 10: 826-833.
[3]. Christians, N. (2004). Fundamentals of turfgrass management (2nd ed). John Wiley & Sons. Hoboken, NJ. 398p.
[4]. Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., & Ith, F.S. (1956). Calorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Annual Chemistry, 28, 350-356.
[5]. Flexas, J., & Medrano, H. (2008). Drought-inhibition of photosynthesis in C3- plants: Stomatal and nonstomatal limitation revisited. Annals of Botany, 183: 183-189.
[6]. Gibeault, V.A., Cockerham, S., Leonard, M., & Autio, R. (1992). Bermuda grass and zoysia grass winter color. Proc. UCR Turf grass Landscape Management Res. Conference and Field Day, University of California, Riverside, CA.
[7]. Guerfel, M., Baccouri, O., Boujnah, D., Cha, W., & Zarrouk, M. (2008). Impacts of water stress on gas exchange, water elations, chlorophyll content and leaf structure in the two main Tunisian olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 119: 257-263.
[8]. Heidari-Sharifabadi, H., & Mirzaie, N. (2006). Salinity-induced growth and some metabolic changes in three Salsola spices. Journal of Arid Environments, 67: 715-720.
[9]. Hernandez, J.A., & Almansa, M.S. (2002). Short-term effect of salt stress on antioxidant systems and leaf water relations of Pea leaves. Physiologia Plantarum, 115: 251-257.
[10]. Horton, J.L., & Neufeld, H.S. (1998). Photosynthetic responses of Microstegium vimineum (Trin) A. Camus, a shade-tolerant, C4 grass, to variable light environments. Oecologia, 114: 11-19.
[11]. Huang, B. (1999). Water relation and root activities of Buchloe dactyloides and Zoysia japonica in response to localized soil drying. Plant and Soil, 208: 179-186.
[12]. Huang, B., & Fu, S. (2000). Photosynthesis, respiration and carbon allocation in two cool season perennial grasses in response to surface soil drying. Plant and Soil, 227: 17-26.
[13]. Huang, B., Duncan, R.R., & Carrow, R.N. (1997) Drought resistance mechanisms of seven warm-season turfgrass under surface soil drying. Crop Science, 37: 1863-1869.
[14]. Hull, R.J. (1992). Energy relations and carbohydrate partitioning in turfgrasses. p. 175–205. In D.V. Waddington et al. (eds.), Turfgrass. Madison, WI.
[15]. Keles, Y., & Oncel, I. (2004). Growth and solute composition on two wheat species experiencing combined influence of stress conditions. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 51: 203-208.
[16]. Lacerda, C.F., Cambraria, J., Olive, M.A., Ruiz, H.A., & Prisco, J.T. (2003). Solute accumulation and distribution during shoot and leaf development in two sorghum genotype under salt stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 49: 107-120.
[17]. Lak, S., Naderi, A., Syadat, S.A., Ainehband, A., & Normohamadi, G. (2008). Effects of water deficit on yield and nitrogen efficiency of corn hybrids grown at different levels of nitrogen and plant 704. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 4: 153-170. (in Farsi).
[18]. Lichtenthaler, H.K., & Wellburn, A.R. (1985). Determination of Total Carotenoids and Chlorophylls A and B of Leaf in Different Solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions, 11: 591-592.
[19]. Meneguzzo, S., Navariizzo, F., & Izzo, R. (2000). NaCl effects on water relations and accumulation of mineral nutrients in shoots, roots and cell sap of wheat seedling. Plant Physiology, 156: 711-716.
[20]. Mirmohamadi Meibodi, S.A.M., & Ghareyazi, B. (2002). Phisiological and Breeding Aspects of Salinity Stress in Crops. Isfahan University of Technology Press. Isfahan.
[21]. Misiha, A. (1991). Effect of cool season turf grasses seed mixtures on lawn characteristics. Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture, 42: 401-414.
[22]. Munns, R., & Termaat, A. (1986). Whole plant responses to salinity. Plant Physiology, 13: 143-160.
[23]. Munns, R., Hare, R.A., James, R.A., & Rebetzke, G.J. (2000). Genetic variation for improving the salt tolerance of durum wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 51: 69-74.
[24]. Newell, A.J., Crossley, F.E.M., & Jones, A.C. (1996). Selection of grass species, cultivars and mixtures for lawn tennis courts. Journal Sports Turfgrass Research Institute, 72: 42-60.
[25]. Pakniat, H., Kazemipour, A., & Mohamadi, G.A. (2003). Variation in salt tolerance of cultivated (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wild (H. spontanum C. Koch) barley genotypes from Iran. Iran Agricultural Research, 22: 45-62. (in Farsi).
[26]. Penuelas, J., & Filella, I. (1998). Visible and near-infrared reflectance techniques for diagnosing plant physiological status. Trends in Plant Science, 3: 151-156.
[27]. Rahbarian, R., Khavari-nejad, R., Ganjeali, A., Bagheri A.R., & Najafi, F. (2011). Drought stress effects on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and water relations in tolerant and susceptible chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia, 53: 47-56.
[28]. Rascio, A., Russo, M., Mazzucco, L., Plantain, C., Nicastro, G., & Fonz, N.D. (2001). Enhanced osmo tolerance of wheat selected for potassium accumulation. Plant Science, 160: 441-448.
[29]. Roche, M.B., Loch, D.S., Jonothan, D.L., Penbernthy, C., Durant, R., & Troughton, A.D. (2009). Factors contributing to wear tolerance of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., C. dactylon x transvaalensis burtt-davy) on a sand-based profile under simulated sports field conditions. International Turfgrass Society Research Journal, 11: 449-459.
[30]. Roohollahi, I., Kafi, M., & Naderi, R. (2010). Drought reaction and rooting characteristics in response to plant growth regulators on Poa pratensis cv. Barimpala. International Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8: 285-288.
[31]. Sage, R.F., & Mc Kown, A.D. (2006). Is C4 photosynthesis less phenotypically plastic than C3 photosynthesis? Journal of Experimental Botany, 57: 303-317.
[32]. Salehi, H., & Khosh-Khui, M. (2004). Turfgrass monoculture, cool-cool, and cool- warm season seed mixture establishment and growth responses. HortScience, 39:1732- 1735.
[33]. Salehi, M., Salehi, H., Niazi, A., & Ghobadi, C. (2014). Convergence of goals: Phylogenetical, morphological, and physiological characterization of tolerance to drought stress in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Molecular Biotechnology, 56: 248–257.
[34]. Salehi, M.R. (2016). Turfgrass. jdmpress. 188p. (in Farsi).
[35]. Salehi, M.R., & Salehi, H. (2013). Comparison of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) turfgrasses and their seed mixtures. Advances in Horticultural Science, 27: 81-87.
[36]. Santa Maria, G.E., & Epsetin, E. (2001). Potassium sodium selectivity in wheat and amphiploid cross wheat xlophopym elongation. Plant Science, 160: 523-534.
[37]. Santos, C.V. (2004). Regulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation by salt stress in sunflower leaves. Scientia Horticulture, 103, 93-99.
[38]. Scheer, H. (2004). Chlorophlls and cartenoids. Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry, 1: 430-433.
[39]. Sheng, M., tang, M., Chen, H., Yang, B., Zang, F., & Huang, Y. (2008). Influence of Arbuscular mycorrhizal on photosynthesis and water status of maize plants under salt stress. Mycorrhiza, 18: 287- 296.
[40]. Skirde, W. (1989). Verhalten neuer sorten von rohrschwingel, Festuca arundinacea, in reinsaat und mischungen. Zeitschrift fur vegetations technic, 4:135-140.
[41]. Sovocool, A., Morgan, M., & Bennett, D. (2006). An in-depth investigation of xeriscape as a water conservation mesure. Journal (American Water Works Association), 98: 82-93.
[42]. Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2002). Plant Physiology. Sinecure Associates Inc. 690p.
[43]. Tatari, M., Fotouhi Ghazvini, R., Etemadi, N., Ahadi, A.M., & Mousavi, A. (2013). Study of some physiological responses in three species of turfgrass in drought stress conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 20: 63-88. (in Farsi)
[44]. Wallner, S.J., Becwar, M.R., & Butler, J.D. (1982). Measurement of turfgrass heat tolerance in vitro. American Society of Horticultural Science, 107: 603-613.
[45]. Zadehbagheri, M., Salehi Salmi, M.R., Hedayat, S. (2016). The Physiological, Morphological and BioChemical Comparison of the famous turfgrass with Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb). Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 5: 15-25. (in Farsi)
[46] http://www.irimo.ir/far/
)