برآورد تغییرات فصلی دمای عمق خاک دشت یزد-اردکان با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره لندست 8 و بهره‌گیری از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت و کنترل بیایان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

10.29252/aridbiom.2020.1818

چکیده

دمای خاک عامل کلیدی است که فرآیندها و ویژگی های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی خاک را کنترل نموده و بر کمیت و کیفیت تولید محصولات کشاورزی تأثیر است. به این منظور، داده‌های روزانه دمای خاک در عمق‌های 5، 10، 20، 30، 50 و 100 سانتیمتری مربوط به ایستگاه‌های سینوپتیک یزد، میبد و مهریز در سال‌های 2014 تا 2016 و همچنین30 تصویر از ماهواره لندست 8 برای سال‌های مذکور تهیه شد. سپس با استفاده از روش پنجره مجزا، دمای سطح زمین محاسبه شد. تغییرات دما از سطح خاک تا عمق 100 سانتیمتری به صورت فصلی بررسی شد. در ادامه، به کمک روش‌ شبکه عصبی مصنوعی، ارتباط بین دمای سطح خاک و عمق‌های مذکور بررسی و دمای عمق خاک تخمین‌زده شد. نتایج نشان داد که روش شبکه عصبی مصنوعی می‌تواند با کمک دمای سطح زمین اسخراجی از تصاویر لندست 8، دمای خاک را تا عمق 100 سانتیمتری، در تمام فصل ها، به خوبی تخمین زند. کمترین دقت در این روش مربوط به دمای عمق‌های 5 و 100 سانتیمتری خاک است. برای بررسی صحت نتایج، دمای خاک تا عمق 30 سانتیمتری در 15 نقطه اندازه‌گیری و با دمای پیش‌بینی شده به کمک تصاویر و شبکه عصبی مصنوعی مقایسه شد. نتایج خطای مطلق نشان داد که بیشینه خطا تا عمق 30 سانتیمتری 7/3 درجه سانتیگراد‌ رخ می‌دهد. بنابراین، به کمک دمای سطح اندازه‌گیری شده به وسیله روش پنجره مجزا و شبکه عصبی مصنوعی می‌توان دمای عمق خاک را با دقت قابل قبولی برآورد کرد.

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