Effect of water deficit on survival, growth, gas exchange and water relations of Cupressus arizonica and C. sempervirens var. fastigiata seedlings

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduated of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Researches Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Iran

10.29252/aridbiom.8.1.49

Abstract

Nowadays, the development of green space with ornamental species of cypress is a common in different dry areas of Iran. Regarding the limitation of water resources in dry areas, study on the response of cypresses to drought is essential. This study was carried out to recognize the responses of survival, growth, gas exchange and water relations in seedlings of two cypress species (Cupressus arizonica and C. sempervirens var. fastigiata) under water deficit condition in greenhouse. The experiment was conducted as complete randomized block design with different watering levels (3, 6 and 9 days) in three replicates. Results showed that water deficit had a significant effect on most of the traits measured in seedlings. Survival of C. sempervirens at 9-day irrigation was decreased about 50.2% but in C. arizonica seedling no mortality was detected in each watering level. During drought application, shoot growth and diameter growth in both species prominently decreased, while at 6- and 9-day irrigation, shoot growth in C. arizonica was 43-47% greater than that in C. sempervirens. With increasing drought, photosynthesis activity, stomotal conductance and water potential decreased but intracellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and leaf temperature did not change. Transpiration rate and relative water content (RWC) of leaf were significantly decreased in both species, but in C. arizonica the decrease of transpiration rate at 6- and 9-day irrigation was 12-32/3% less than that in C. sempervirens. Generally, it can be stated that C. arizonica seedling is more tolerant than C. sempervirens seedling under drought stress.

Keywords

References

 [1]. Ahmadi, A. Siosemardeh, A. (2005). Investigation on the physiological basis of grain yield and drought resistance in wheat: leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and non-stomatal limitations, International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 7: 807-811.
[2]. Ashkavand, P., Tabari Kouchaksaraei, M., & Zarafshar, M. (2014). Assessment of drought resistance in hawthorn and mahaleb seedlings with emphasis on biochemical parameters. Zagros Forests Researches. 1 (1): 1-18. (in Farsi).
[3]. Assadi, M., Khatamsaz, M., Maassomi, A.A., & Mozafarian, V. (1998). Flore of Iran, No, 21, Tehran: Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, pp: 8-9.
[4]. Bahmani, M.,  Jalali, Gh.A.,  Asgharzade, A., Tabari,M., & Sadati, S. E. (2015). Gas exchange recovery of Calotropis procera Ait. seedling in different irrigation periods. Arid Biome. 4 (2): 28-38. (in Farsi).
[5]. Bartlett, MK., Scoffoni, C., & Sack, L. (2012). The determinants of leaf turgor loss point and prediction of drought tolerance of species and biomes: a global meta-analysis. Ecology Letters, 15(5):393–405.
[6]. Borghi, M., Tognetti, R., Monteforti, G., & Sebastiani, L. (2008). Responses of two poplar species (Populus alba and Populus x canadensis) to high copper concentrations, Environmental and Experimental Botany, 62 (3): 290-299.
[7]. Deligoz, A., & Gur, M. (2015). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress of Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) seedlings. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(11): 1-8.
[8]. Ditmarova, L., Kurjak, D., Palmroth, S., Kmet, J., & Strelcova, K. (2009). Physiological responses of Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings to drought stress. Tree Physiology, pp116.
[9]. Echevarria-Zomeno, S., Ariza, D., Jorge, I., Lenz, C., Del Campo, A., Jorrin, J.V., & Navarro, R.M. (2009). Changes in the protein profile of Quercus ilex leaves in response to drought stress and recovery. Journal of Plant Physiology, 166 (3): 233-245.
[10]. Ehsani Tabatabaei, F. 2006. Plant Stresses of Physiology. Payam Noor University Press.
[11]. Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., & Basra, S.M.A. (2009). Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. In Sustainable Agriculture. Springer Netherlands. 153-188 pp.
[12]. Galle, A., Haldimann, P., & Feller, U. (2007). Photosynthetic performance and water relations in young pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens) trees during drought stress and recovery. New Phytologist, 174 (4): 799-810.
[13]. Guo, J., Yang, Y., Wang, G., Yang, L., & Sun, X. (2010). Ecophysiological responses of Abies fabri seedlings to drought stress and nitrogen supply. Physiologia Plantarum, 139(4), 335-347.
[14]. Hassan, I.A. 2006. Effects of water stress and high temperature on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in Triticum aestivum L, Photosynthetica, 44(2): 312-315.
[15]. Javadi, T., & Bahramnejad, B. (2011). Relative water content and gas exchange Pyrus syriaca genotypes under water stress conditions. Horticulture Sciences, 24(2): 223-233. (in Farsi).
[16] Jinying, L., Min, L., Yongmin, M. & Lianying, S. (2007). Effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae on the drought resistance of wild jujube (Zizyphus spinosus Hu.) seedlings. Frontiner Agriculture China. 1(4): 468-471.
[17]. Kalefetoglu, T., & Ekmekc, I.Y. (2005). The effect of drought on plants and tolerance mechanisms. Gazi. University Journal of Science. 18(4):723–740.
[18]. Krasensky, J., & Jonak C. (2012). Drought, salt, and temperature stress induced metabolic rearrangements and regulatory networks. Journal of Experimental Botany. 63: 1593-1608.
[19]. Mirzaei, J., & Kermanshahi, A. (2015). Effects of drought stress on growth and physiological characteristics of (Pistacia atlantica) seedlings. Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 22 (1): 31-43. (in Farsi).
[20]. Nasri, M., Heidari Sharifabad, H., Shiranirad, A., Majidi harvan, A., & Zamanzadeh, H. (2006). Effect of drought stress on physiological characteristics of canola cultivars. Agricultural Sciences, 1(12):127-134.
[21]. Norouzi Haroni, N., & Tabari kouchaksaraei, M. (2015). Morpho-physiological responses of  black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) seedlings to drought stress. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 68(3): 715-727. (in Farsi).
[22]. Sadati, S.E. & Tabari, M. (2013). Vegetative characteristics and water potential of seedlings plantation Populus caspica a year after the drought stress, The First National Conference on Plant Stress, University of Esfahan, 1-6. (in Farsi).
[23]. Sanchez-Blanco, M.J., Ferrandez, T., Morales, M., Morte, A., & Alarcon, J.J. (2004). Variations in water status, gas exchange, and growth in Rosmarinus officinalis plants infected with Glomus deserticola under drought conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161: 675-682.
[24]. Sanchez-Blanco, M.J., Alvarez, S., Navarro, A., & Banon, S. (2008). Changes in leaf water relations, gas exchange, growth and flowering quality in potted geranium plants irrigated with different water regimes, Journal of Plant Physiology, 166(5): 467-476.
[25]. Saxton, K.E., Rawls, W.J., Romberger, J.S., & papendick, R.I. (1986). Estimating generalized soil-water characteristics from texture. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 50(4):1031-1036.
[26]. Siosemardeh, A., Ahmadi, A., Poustini, K., Ebrahimzadeh, H. (2003). Stomatal and nonstomatal Limitations to photosynthesis and their relationship with drought resistance in wheat Cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agriculture of Science, 34, 94-105 (in in Farsi).
[27]. Tian, X., Lei, Y. 2006. Nitric oxide treatment alleviates drought stress in wheat seedlings. Biology Plant, 50: 775-778.
 [28]. Wahid, A. Rasul. E. (2005). Photosynthesis in leaf, stem, flower and fruit. In: Pessarakli M. (Ed.), Handbook of Photosynthesis, Second Edition. CRC Press, Florida, 479–497.
[29]. Wang, C.J., Yang, W., Wang, C., Gu, C., Niu, D.D., Liu, H.X., Wang, Y.P., & Guo, J.H. (2012). Induction of drought tolerance in cucumber plants by a consortium of three plant growth promoting rhizobacterium strains. PlOS One, 7(12): e52565-.
[30]. Zarafshar, M., Akbarinia, M., Hosseini, S.M. & Rahaei, M. (2016). Drought resistance of wild pear (Pyrus boisseriana Buhse.). Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 69 (1): 97-110.
[31]. Zare, (2001). Native species and Non-native conifers in Iran. Publishing Research Institute forests, and rangelands, Tehran, 470p. (in in Farsi). 
[32]. Zhou B, Gou Z, Liu Z (2005). Effects of abscisic acid on antioxidant systems of Stylosanthes guianensis (Aublet) Sw. under chilling stress. Crop Science, 45:599–605.
Journal of Arid Biome
Volume 8, Issue 1
August 2018
Pages 49-58

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics