Investigation of physiological and growth indices of Millet (Panucum miliaceum) and Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoliba) intercropping under drought stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc in desert and arid land Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Arid Land and Desert Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

3 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Environment, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

4 Doctoral Degree in Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.

10.29252/aridbiom.2021.16665.1855

Abstract

Intercropping of forage plants is considered as an effective startegy to achieve optimal yield and increase production in areas with water shortages. A field-based split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Ashkezar research farm with the aim of evaluating the intercropping of millet and guar in improving physiological indices and forage yield. Irrigation intervals was considered as the main factor in three levels (irrigation at the time of discharge of 60, 70 and 80% of field capacity) and the cropping system was considered as the sub-factor in three levels (sole cropping of Millet, sole cropping of Guar, and intercropping of Millet and Guar). The intercropping system was implemented as row intercropping pattern with a replacement series design. Results showed that the amount of ionic leakage increased and the relative content of relative water content decreased when irrigation was delayed longer. The highest relative water content for Millet and Guar (70.3 and 78.4%, respectively) were obtained in intercropping system and their lowest relative water content (61.4 and 72.5%, respectively) were obtained in their sole cropping. The highest and lowest chlorophyll indices were observed in irrigation treatments at 60 and 80% of field capacity, respectively. The intercropping of Millet and Guar resulted in increased content of soluble sugar and proline and the highest forage yield compared to their sole culture, in all assessed irrigation intervals. Since intercropping system was shown to cause improved physiological indices of Guar and Millet, the consequent improvement of forage growth and yield could be expected. Overall, it can be concluded that intercropping system of Millet with Guar can significantly reduce the impacts of drought stress and can be considered as an effective management strategy in drought-prone areas.

Keywords

References

[1]. Armstrong, K. L., Albrecht, K. L., Lauer, J. G. and Riday, H. (2008). Intercropping corn with lablab bean, velvet bean, and scarlet runner bean for forage. Crop Science, 48: 371-379.
[2]. Askarnejad, M., Sodaeizadeh, H., Mosleh Arani, A. and Yazdani Biouki, R. (2019). Effect of silicon on some characteristics of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum) under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 20 (1): 21-30.
[3]. Attarzadeh, M., Balouchi, H., Rajai,e M., Movahhedi Dehnavi, M., and Salehi, A. (2019). Improvement of Echinacea purpurea performance by integration of phosphorus with soil microorganisms under different irrigation regimes. Agricultural Water Management, 221: 238-47.
[4]. Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. and Tear, I.D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39: 205-207.
[5]. Bodner, G., Nakhforoosh, A. and Kaul, H.-P., (2015). Management of crop water under drought: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 35: 401-442.
[6]. Caruso, C., Maucieri, C., Berruti, A., Borin, M. and Barbera, A.C., (2018). Responses of different Panicum miliaceum L. genotypes to saline and water stress in a marginal Mediterranean environment. Agronomy, 8: 8.
[7]. Dhanapackiam, S. and Ilyas, M. (2010). Effect of salinity on chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents of Sesbania grandiflora seedlings. Indian Journal of Science and technology, 3: 64-66.
[8]. Firoozabadi, A.H., Kazemeini, S.A. and Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. (2017). Evaluation of different planting ratio of sorghum-kochia intercropping in varied salinity conditions. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 24. (in Farsi).
[9]. Ghaffarian, M.R., Yadavi, A., Dehnavi, M.M., Nassab, A.D.M. and Salehi, M. (2020). Improvement of physiological indices and biological yield by intercropping of Kochia (Kochia scoparia), Sesbania (Sesbania aculeata) and Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoliba) under the salinity stress of irrigation water. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 26: 1319-1330.
[10]. Horwitz, W. and Latimer, G. (2006). Association of Offcial Analytical Chemists International. Offcial methods of analysis of AOAC International, Gaithersburg: Maryland, pp. 200.
[11]. Hoshmandzadeh, F., Sodaeizadeh, H., Hakimi, M.H. and Hakimzadeh, M.A. (2019). Assessment of effect of drought stress on inhibitory properties of Peganum harmala L. Arid Biome Scientific Journal, 9 (1): 125-138.
[12]. Houshmand, S., Arzani, A., Maibody, S. A. and Feizi, M. (2005). Evaluation of salt-tolerant genotypes of durum wheat derived from in vitro and field experiments. Field Crop Research, 91: 345-354.
[13]. Jiménez-Becker, S., Miguel, R., and Blanca M P. (2019). The influence of salinity on the vegetative growth, osmolytes and chloride concentration of four halophytic species. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42: 1838-49.
[14]. Kauser, A., Athar, H.R. and Ashraf, M. (2006). Chlorophyll fluorescence: A potential indicator for rapid assessment of water stress tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38(5): 1501-1509.
[15]. Kurdali, F., Mussaddak, J., and Khalaf, K. (2003). Growth and nitrogen fixation and uptake in Dhaincha/Sorghum intercropping system under saline and non‐saline conditions. Communications in soil science and plant analysis, 34: 2471-94.
[16]. Liang, W., Xiaoli, M, Peng, W. and Lianyin, L. (2018). Plant salt-tolerance mechanism: a review', Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 495: 286-91.
[17]. Lithourgidis, A. S., Dhima, K. V., Vasilakoglou, I. B., Dordas, C. A. and Yiakoulaki, M. D. (2007). Sustainable production of barley and wheat by intercropping common vetch. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 27: 95-99.
[18]. Masters, D. G., Benes, S. E. and Norman, H. C. (2007). Biosaline agriculture for forage and livestock production. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 119: 234–24.
[19]. Mohammadi, M., Ghassemi Golezani, K., ZehtabSalmasi, S. and Nasrollahzade, S. (2016). Assessment of some physiological traits in spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars under water stress. International Journal of Life Sciences, 10(1): 58-64.
[20]. Muchate, N S., Ganesh, C N, Nilima, S R, Suprasanna, P. and Tukaram, D N. (2016). Plant salt stress: adaptive responses, tolerance mechanism and bioengineering for salt tolerance. The Botanical Review, 82: 371-406.
[21]. Nelson, N. (1944). A photometric adaptation of the Smoggy method for the determination of sugars. Journal Biology Chemistry, 153: 375-380.
[22]. Panta, S., Tim, F., Richard, D., Peter, L., Gabriel, H. and Sergey, S. (2018). Temporal changes in soil properties and physiological characteristics of Atriplex species and Medicago arborea grown in different soil types under saline irrigation. Plant and soil, 432: 315-31.
[23]. Poonam, T., Indoliya, Y., Singh ,P. K., Singh, P. C., Chauhan, P. S., Pande, V. and Chakrabarty, D. (2018). Role of Dehydrin-FK506-binding proteins complex in enhancing drought tolerance through ABA-mediated signaling pathway. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 10-31.
[24]. Raza, M.A., Feng, L.Y., Manaf, A., Wasaya, A., Ansar, M., Hussain, A., Khalid, M.H.B., Iqbal, N., Xi, Z.J. and Chen, Y.K., (2018). Sulphur application increases seed yield and oil content in sesame seeds under rainfed conditions. Field Crops Research, 218: 51-58.
[25]. Reddy, A.R., Chiatanya, K.V. and Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161: 1189-1202.
[26]. Sadeghipour, O. and Aghaei, P. (2012). Response of common bean to exogenous application of salicylic asid under water stress conditions. Environmental Biology, 6(3): 1160-1168.
[27]. Sairam, R.K., Dharmar, K., Chinnusamy, V. and Meena, R.C. (2009). Water logging-induced increase in sugar mobilization, fermentation, and related gene expression in the roots of mug bean (Vigna radiata). Journal of Plant Physiology, 6: 602-616.
[28]. Seki, M., Umezawa, T., Urano, K. and Shinozaki, K. (2007). Regulatory metabolic networks in drought stress responses. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 10: 296-302.
[29]. Shannon, M. 1997. Adoption of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy Agron. 60, 75-120.
[30]. Simpson, Catherine R., Jose, G. Franco, Stephen, R. King and Astrid, V. (2018). Intercropping halophytes to mitigate salinity stress in watermelon. Sustainability, 10: 681.
[31]. Singla, S., Kulbhushan, G., Sangamesh, V Angadi, Sultan, H. Begna, Brian, S, and Dawn Van L. (2016). Growth and yield of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) genotypes under different planting dates in the semi-arid Southern High Plains. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7: 1246.
[32]. Slama, I., C. Abdelly, A. Bouchereau, T. Flowers and A. Savoure. (2015). Diversity, distribution and roles ofosmoprotective compounds accumulated in halophytes under abiotic stress. Annals of Botany, 115(3):433–47.
[33]. Thalooth, AT., Tawfik, MM. and Mohamed, HM. (2006). A comparative study on the effect of foliar application of zinc, potassium and magnesium on growth, yield and some chemical constituents of mungbean plants grown under water stress conditions. World Journal of Agricultural Science, 2: 1. 37-46.
[34]. Weatherely, P. E. (1950). Studies in water relation on cotton plants, the field measurement of water deficit in leaves. New Phytologist, 49: 81- 87.
[35]. Yang, F., Dunping, L., Xiaoling, W., Rencai, G., Yuanfang, F., Muhammad, A R., Xiaochun, W., Taiwen, Yo, Weiguo, L. and Jiang, L. (2017). Effect of aboveground and belowground interactions on the intercrop yields in maize-soybean relay intercropping systems. Field Crops Research, 203: 16-23.
[36]. ZuccaRini, P. (2008). Ion uptake by halophytic plants to mitigate saline stress in Solanum lycopersicon L., and different effect of soil and water salinity. Soil and Water Research, 3: 62-73.
Journal of Arid Biome
Volume 11, Issue 1
September 2021
Pages 25-34

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics