Effect of Tang Hammam dam on Persian gazelle (Gazella S.Subgutturosa) habitat in no hunting areas of Gharaviz (Kermanshah province)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Animal biosystematics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Kermanshah University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Assistant professor Department of environment science, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran

3 Ph.D. Student of environmental science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran

10.29252/aridbiom.2021.2004

Abstract

Dams are one of the largest man-made structures that severely affect the hydrology cycle. In general, their effects can be divided into positive and negative categories. Detecting the effects of these structures on wildlife habitat is one of the important aspects of development. Tang Hammam Reservoir dam located in west of Kermanshah province and Sarpol-e-Zahab country has effects on the Persian gazelle (Gazella S.Subgutturosa) habitat. This study aimed to quantify these effects on the habitat of the mentioned species and positive and negative effects were evaluated by affecting vegetation density and habitat suitability. Habitat suitability was determined using maximum entropy method. The TSS threshold was used to create binary maps. Quantification of the effect on vegetation was also performed using the normalized different vegetation index (NDVI) for the years 2014 to 2019 at different intervals between 0 and 500 m from the water body. Totally, from 2014 to 2019, the area of underwater habitat has increased in the study area. If water zones increase in the coming years, central patches of the region and communication with the Iraq country will be threatened. However, the effects on vegetation density indicate an increase in mean density index at distances up to 500 m relative to dam. Results showed that in the current conditions the dam has more positive effects but this increase of water behind the dam in future will not have any positive effects for the region.

Keywords


[1]. Akbari Paydar, N., Mohammadian, A. and Razavi, F. (2011). Introducing Soil Density Measuring Machine Continuously. 6th National Congress of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, 8 p. (in Farsi).
[2]. Alho, C.J.R. (2011). Environmental of hydropower reservoirs on wild mammals and freshwater turtles in Amazonia: a review.
[3]. Barati GHahfarokhi, S., Soltani, S., KHajeddin, S. and Rayegani, B. (2009). Investigation of Land Use Changes in Qale Shahrokh Basin Using Remote Sensing (1975 - 2002). Journal of Water and Soil Science, 13(47), 349-365. (in Farsi).
[4]. Briones-Salas, M., Lavariega, M.C. and Lira-Torres, I. (2019). Mammal diversity before the construction of a hydroelectric power dam in southern Mexico. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 42(1), 99-112.
[5]. Cooper, S.M. and Ginnett, T.F. (2000). Potential effects of supplemental feeding of deer on nest predation. Wildlife Society Bulletin, pp, 660-666.
[6]. Dolan, B. F. (2006). Water developments and desert bighorn sheep: implications for conservation. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34, 642-646.
[7]. Esmaeili, M. (2019). Investigation of Connection Scenarios of Persian Gazelle (Gazella Subgutturosa Subgutturosa) Distribution Blocks in the Border Area of Kermanshah Province and East of Iraq. Master of Science. Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment. Malayer University. (in Farsi).
[8]. Hadian, F., Jafari, R., Bashari, H. and Ramezani, N. (2013). Investigating the Effects of Hanna Dam Construction on Long-Term Land Use/ Cover Changes. Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology, 2(4), 101-114. (in Farsi).
[9]. Hamilton, A.M., Freedman, A.H. and Franz, R. (2002). Effects of deer feeders, habitat and sensory cues on predation rates on artificial turtle nests. The American midland naturalist, 147(1), 123-134.
[10]. Hervert, J.J., Bright, J.L., Henry, R.S., Piest, L.A. and Brown, M.T. (2005). Home‐range and habitat‐use patterns of Sonoran pronghorn in Arizona. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 33(1), 8-15.
[11]. Hilborn, R. (2013). Ocean and dam influences on salmon survival. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(17), 6618-6619.
[12]. Islamian, S.S. and Asroush, Y. (2003). Investigating the effect of dam construction on climatic parameters. 3rd Regional Climate Change Conference. Isfahan, Iran Meteorological Organization, University of Isfahan, 5p. (in Farsi).
[13]. Jacobsen, D., Milner, A.M., Brown, L.E. and Dangles, O. (2012). Biodiversity under threat in glacier-fed river systems. Nature Climate Change, 2(5), 361-364.
[14]. Jafaree, A., Mirzai, R.A., zamani, R. and mahmoudi, A. (2015). Modeling the Distribution of Isfahan wild sheep in Tang Sayyad Protected Area Based on Improved Presence Data and Selection of Appropriate Variables Using Maximum Entropy. Journal of Applied Ecology, 5(15), 39-48. (in Farsi).
[15]. Jarman, P.J. (1973). The free water intake of impala in relation to the water content of their food. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal, 38(4), 343-351.
[16]. Jones, C.C., Acker, S.A. and Halpern, C.B. (2010). Combining local‐and large‐scale models to predict the distributions of invasive plant species. Ecological Applications, 20(2), 311-326.
[17]. Jones, I.L., Peres, C.A., Benchimol, M., Bunnefeld, L. and Dent, D.H. (2019). Instability of insular tree communities in an Amazonian mega‐dam is driven by impaired recruitment and altered species composition. Journal of applied ecology, 56(3), 779-791.
[18]. Kaya Özdemirel, B., Turak, A.S. and Bilgin, C.C. (2016). Impact of large scale dam construction on movement corridors of mammals in Artvin, north-eastern Turkey. Appl Ecol Environ Res, 14(3), 489-507.
[19]. Kingswood, S.C. and Blank, D.A. (1996). Gazella subgutturosa. Mammalian species, 518, 1-10.
[20]. Kitanishi, S., Yamamoto, T., Edo, K. and Higashi, S. (2012). Influences of habitat fragmentation by damming on the genetic structure of masu salmon populations in Hokkaido, Japan. Conservation genetics, 13(4), 1017-1026.
[21]. Lees, A.C., Peres, C.A., Fearnside, P.M., Schneider, M. and Zuanon, J.A. (2016). Hydropower and the future of Amazonian biodiversity. Biodiversity and conservation, 25(3), 451-466.
[22]. Mairota, P., Cafarelli, B., Boccaccio, L., Leronni, V., Labadessa, R., Kosmidou, V. and Nagendra, H. (2013). Using landscape structure to develop quantitative baselines for protected area monitoring. Ecological indicators, 33, 82-95.
[23]. Maleki, m., Tavakoli Sabour, S.M., javan, F. (2018). Analysis of Dam Impacts on Vegetation of peripheral Areas at Different Heights and slopes (Case Study: Soleiman Shah and Gavashan Dams). Journal of Spatial-Space Research, 2(6), 102-117. (in Farsi).
[24]. Mann, C.C. and Plummer, M.L. (2000). Can science rescue salmon? Science, 289(5480), 716-719.
[25]. Martinez, A.E., Adeyemo, A.E. and Walther, S.C. (2019). Riparian vegetation and digitized channel variable changes after stream impoundment: the Provo River and Jordanelle Dam. In Geospatial Intelligence: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, pp, 1503-1521.
[26]. Mateo-Sanchez, M.C., Cushman, S.A. and Saura, S. (2014). Connecting endangered brown bear subpopulations in the Cantabrian Range (north-western Spain). Animal Conservation, 17, 430-440.
[27]. McCaffery, R., Jenkins, K.J., Cendejas-Zarelli, S., Happe, P.J. and Sager-Fradkin, K.A. (2020). Small mammals and ungulates respond to and interact with revegetation processes following dam removal. Food Webs, p.e00159.
[28]. Mohajeri, S.H., Najibi, S.M.A. and Shahraki, M. (2016). A Review of Methods to Protect the Environment in Dam Projects. Journal of Engineering and Construction Management, 1(2), 21-24. (in Farsi).
[29]. Mokhtari, S., Soltani Fard, S. and Yavari, A. (2010). Consideration of the Changing and Self-Organizing Trend in Hur-Al-Azim Wetland by Using Image Processing to Refer Landscape Ecology Approach-Khuzestan-Iran. Physical Geography Research Quarterly, 41(70), 93-105. (in Farsi).
[30]. Morgart, J.R., Hervert, J.J., Krausman, P.R., Bright, J.L. and Henry, R.S. (2005). Sonoran pronghorn use of anthropogenic and natural water sources. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 33(1), 51-60.
[31]. Morita, K., Morita, S.H. and Yamamoto, S. (2009). Effects of habitat fragmentation by damming on salmonid fishes: lessons from white-spotted charr in Japan. Ecological Research, 24(4), 711-722.
[32]. Mtkan, A.A., Saeedi, Kh. Shakiba, A. and Husseini Asl, A. (2011). Evaluation of Land Cover Change In Relation To Taleghan Dam Construction Rs Techniques. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 16(19), 45-64. (in Farsi).
[33]. Najmaee, M. (2003). Dam and Environment. Tehran. Ministry of Energy. (in Farsi).
[34]. Nicol, A.M. (1987). Livestock feeding on pasture. New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 238p.
[35]. Prach, K., Chenoweth, J. and Del Moral, R. (2019). Spontaneous and assisted restoration of vegetation on the bottom of a former water reservoir, the Elwha River, Olympic National Park, WA, USA. Restoration Ecology, 27(3), 592-599.
[36]. Oguzhan, S. and Aksoy, A.O. (2020). Experimental investigation of the effect of vegetation on dam break flood waves. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 68(3), 231-241.
[37]. Rechisky, E.L., Welch, D.W., Porter, A.D., Jacobs-Scott, M.C. and Winchell, P.M. (2013). Influence of multiple dam passage on survival of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Columbia River estuary and coastal ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(17), 6883-6888.
[38]. Sadegh oghli, R., Jahani, A., Alizadeh Shabani, A. and Goshtasb, H. (2019). Quantifying the Fragmentation of Landscape as an Index for the Assessment of the Wildlife Habitat (Case Study: Protected Area of Jajroud), Journal of Animal Environment, 11(1), 13-20. (in Farsi).
[39]. Salarvand, j. (2014). Investigating the effects of road and rail transport on wildlife (Case Study: wildlife refuge of azna sefid kooh). Second National Conference on Zagros Environmental Hazards. Tehran. Zagros Lorestan Association of Environmental Engineers. (in Farsi).
[40]. Serez, B.S. and Engindeniz, S. (2020). The Opinions and Expactations of the Farmers on Socio-Economic Impacts of Yortanlı Dam in Bergama District of Izmir Province. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 34(2), 118-123.
[41]. shabanKary, M. and Halbian, A.h. (2010). Survey on Environmental Effects of Zayandeh Rood River’s Dam. Human and Environment, 8(1), 29-42. (in Farsi).
[42]. Tang, L., Zeng, G.M., Shen, G.L., Li, Y.P., Zhang, Y. and Huang, D.L. (2008). Rapid Detection of Picloram in Agricultural Field Samples Using a Disposable Immunomembrane-Based Electrochemical Sensor. Environmental science and technology, 42(4), 1207-1212.
[43]. Vatan Doost, S. and AlKhorshid, m. (2009). Environmental Impacts of Dam Construction on Biological Resources of Rivers in Southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran Province). National Conference on Human, Environment and Sustainable Development. Hamedan, Islamic Azad University of Hamedan, 10p. (in Farsi).
[44]. Wu, H., Zeng, G., Liang, J., Chen, J., Xu, J., Dai, J., Sang, L., Li, X. and Ye, S. (2017). Responses of landscape pattern of China’s two largest freshwater lakes to early dry season after the impoundment of Three-Gorges Dam. International journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation, 56, 36-43.
[45]. Wu, H., Chen, J., Xu, J., Zeng, G., Sang, L., Liu, Q., Yin, Z., Dai, J., Yin, D., Liang, J. and Ye, S. 2019. Effects of dam construction on biodiversity: A review. Journal of cleaner production, 221, 480-489.